Why Should We Recycle Aluminum

If it is even remotely possible that any man-made item on Earth is more ubiquitous than plastic bags, it would have to be aluminum cans. But unlike plastic bags, which endanger marine life and trash the planet, aluminum cans are actually good for the environment. At least, they are if people like you and me take the time to recycle them. So why recycle aluminum? Well, as a starting point for answering that question, how about this: Aluminum recycling provides many environmental, economic and community benefits; it saves energy, time, money and precious natural resources; and it generates jobs and helps to pay for community services that make life better for millions of people. How serious is the problem? More than 100 billion aluminum cans are sold in the United States each year, but less than half are recycled. A similar number of aluminum cans in other countries are also incinerated or sent to landfills. That adds up to about 1.5 million tons of wasted aluminum cans worldwide every year. All of those trashed cans have to be replaced with new cans made entirely from virgin materials, which wastes energy and causes extensive environmental damage. How Failing to Recycle Aluminum Harms the Environment Globally, the aluminum industry annually emits millions of tons of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming. Although aluminum cans represent only 1.4% of a ton of garbage by weight, according to the Container Recycling Institute, they account for 14.1% of the greenhouse gas impacts associated with replacing an average ton of garbage with new products made from virgin materials. Aluminum smelting also produces sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide, two toxic gases that are key elements in smog and acid rain. In addition, every ton of new aluminum cans that must be produced to replace cans that were not recycled requires five tons of bauxite ore, which must be strip-mined, crushed, washed and refined into alumina before it is smelted. That process creates about five tons of caustic mud that can contaminate both surface water and groundwater and, in turn, damage the health of people and animals. How Many Times the Same Piece of Aluminum Can Be Recycled There is no limit to how many times aluminum can be recycled. Thats why recycling aluminum is such a boon for the environment. Aluminum is considered a sustainable metal, which means it can be recycled again and again with no loss of material. It has never been cheaper, faster or more energy-efficient to recycle aluminum than it is today. Aluminum cans are 100% recyclable, making them the most recyclable (and valuable) of all materials. The aluminum can you toss into your recycling bin today will be completely recycled and back on the store shelf in just 60 days. The Energy People Save by Recycling Aluminum Recycling aluminum saves 90% to 95% of the energy needed to make aluminum from bauxite ore. It doesnt matter if youre making aluminum cans, roof gutters or cookware, it is simply much more energy-efficient to recycle existing aluminum to create the aluminum needed for new products than it is to make aluminum from virgin natural resources. So how much energy are we talking about here? Recycling one pound of aluminum (33 cans) saves about 7 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity. With the energy it takes to make just one new aluminum can from bauxite ore, you can make 20 recycled aluminum cans. Putting the energy question into even more down-to-earth terms, the energy saved by recycling one aluminum can is enough to power a television set for three hours. Energy Is Wasted When Aluminum Is Sent to the Landfill The opposite of saving energy is wasting it. Toss an aluminum can into the trash instead of recycling it, and the energy required to replace that discarded resource with new aluminum from bauxite ore is enough to keep a 100-watt incandescent light bulb burning for five hours or to power the average laptop computer for 11 hours, according to the Container Recycling Institute. If you consider how far that energy could go in powering compact-fluorescent (CFL) or light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs, or the new energy-efficient laptops, the costs really start to mount up. All in all, the energy it takes to replace all of the aluminum cans wasted every year in the United States alone is equivalent to 16 million barrels of oil, enough to keep a million cars on the road for a year. If all those discarded cans were recycled every year, the electricity saved could power 1.3 million American homes. Globally, about 23 billion kWh are squandered every year, just as a result of trashing or incinerating aluminum cans. The aluminum industry uses almost 300 billion kWh of electricity annually, about 3% of the worlds total electricity consumption. Aluminum Recycled Every Year A little less than half of all aluminum cans sold each year — in the United States and worldwide — are recycled and turned into new aluminum cans and other products. Some countries do very well: Switzerland, Norway, Finland, and Germany all recycle more than 90% of all aluminum beverage containers. Aluminum Thrown Away and Never Recycled We may be recycling more aluminum every year, but things could still be a lot better. According to the Environmental Defense Fund, Americans throw away so much aluminum that every three months we could collect enough scrap to rebuild the entire U.S. commercial airplane fleet from the ground up. Thats a lot of wasted aluminum. Globally, more than half of all the aluminum cans produced and sold every year are thrown away and never recycled, which means they have to be replaced by new cans made from virgin materials. Aluminum Recycling Helps Local Communities Every year, the aluminum industry pays out close to a billion dollars for recycled aluminum cans — money that can go to support organizations such as Habitat for Humanity and the Boys Girls Clubs of America, as well as local schools and churches that sponsor can drive or ongoing aluminum recycling programs. How to Increase Aluminum Recycling One simple and effective way to increase aluminum recycling is for governments to require consumers to pay a refundable deposit on all beverage containers sold in their jurisdictions. U.S. states that have container deposit laws (or bottle bills) recycle between 75% and 95% of all aluminum cans sold. States without deposit laws only recycle about 35% of their aluminum cans.

Piaget s Theory And Teaching Essay - 2100 Words

In Play and Development: A Symposium, Jean Piaget said, Every time we teach a child something, we keep him from inventing it himself. Piaget was a Swiss psychologist who looked at cognitive development in children. He had two basic theories, one about stages of cognitive development over time and one about how people understand their life experiences. Early Education: A Cognitive Developmental View by Lawrence Kohlberg explains how, Piaget s stages show a clear difference in childrens thinking at different ages, and how these stages go in a set sequence but, can be slowed down by cultural influences (1021). According to Paul Eggen in Educational Psychology: Windows on Classrooms, Piaget s other theory says people use mental structures to understand their experiences and create balance (46). Piaget s theories can be used in classrooms to help teach children in many ways. In Developmental Theory and Teaching Methods: A Pilot Study of a Teacher Education Program, Linda Kroll describes how Piaget s theory looks at the ways knowledge grows over time, which is important information for both students and teachers (418). Teachers use Piaget s theories everyday in their classrooms. Children start school with some kind of background knowledge on most subjects. Basic Piagetian research†¦ indicates children begin to construct their own ideas of number specific concepts, and reading and writing before entering school (Kroll, 423). Teachers should use this backgroundShow MoreRelatedSociocultural Approaches And The Construction Of Knowledge1650 Words   |  7 Pagesmediated by language and other symbol systems,and can be best understood when investigated in their historical development.†(John-Steiner,V and Mahn,H 1996).While Jean Piaget was the towering figure in the science of cognitive development throughout much of the 20th century.His work had two complementary thrusts:constructivism and stage theory.†(Carey,Zaitchik and Bascandziev 2015) There are 6 elements that lead to the differences between these two definitions.These 6 reasons are the basic question ofRead MorePiaget vs. Vygotsky1120 Words   |  5 PagesThe theory of cognitive development is defined as the development of the ability to think and reason. There are many theorists who have studied cognitive theories and the most famous is Jean Piaget. Cognitive development covers the physical and emotional stages of a child. The basic premise for cognitive development is to show the different stages of the development of a child so you can understand where the child might be in their development. Understanding cognitive development will betterRead MoreThe Purpose Of This Paper Is To Compare And Contrast Two714 Words   |  3 Pagesabout theories of Piaget and Vygotsky in which similarities and differences in their theories will be discussed. At the end of this paper, you will be able to understand the differences between both famous educators. 1. If we take a brief look and compare Piaget s Theory with Vygotsky Theory we will see that Piaget Theory was a Constructivist Theory, while Vygotsky Theory was a Sociocultural Theory/Social Development Theory. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 2. Piaget s Theory references children s learningRead MoreTheories Of Development : Piagets Theory Of Cognitive Development1363 Words   |  6 PagesPiagets theory of cognitive development In the 1960s and 1970s, the Freudian psychology was changed with the initiation of the empirical methods to study the human behavior. Psychologist and philosopher Jean Piaget empirically verified, moving towards the cognitive development theory to provide the new perspective to the individual in getting awareness about the developmental stages of the children. Just like Freud, Piaget thought that human development could only be described in stages. On theRead MoreJerome Seymour Bruner Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesJerome Seymour Bruner is an American psychologist who made signification contributions to educational, cognitive and developmental psychology. This paper will focus on who Bruner is, his main theories explained, plus a comparison between Bruner and Piaget and the effectiveness of Bruners theories in the classroom. Bruner was born and raised in New York City, Bruner graduated high school in 1933 and went on to major in psychology at Duke University; earning an AB degree in 1937. Subsequently, BrunerRead MoreSpecial Education836 Words   |  4 Pagesto set-up an effective learning environment for preschool and kindergarten classrooms. It is based on child development theories, it is easy to use, practical and flexible in its approach to teaching, and allows each child to proceed on the path of learning at the child s own pace. Jean Piaget was a pioneer in the field of early childhood education. The legacy of Jean Piaget to the world of early childhood education is that he fundamentally altered the view of how a child learns. In addition,Read MoreCompare And Contrastusing Apa Style. Nori Mosqueda Rivera.1010 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper will talk about theories of Piaget and Vygotsky in which similarities and differences in their theories will be discussed. At the end of this paper, you will be able to understand the differences and the and similarities between both famous educators. If we take a brief look and compare Piaget s Theory with Vygotsky Theory we will see that Piaget Theory was a Constructivist Theory, while Vygotsky Theory was a Sociocultural Theory/Social Development Theory. In this paper you will getRead Morejean piaget1284 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Jean Piaget Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980) was employed at the Binet Institute in the 1920s, where his job was to develop French versions of questions on English intelligence tests. He became intrigued with the reasons children gave for their wrong answers on the questions that required logical thinking. He believed that these incorrect answers revealed important differences between the thinking of adults and children. Piaget (1936) was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitiveRead MorePiaget and Vygotsky1272 Words   |  6 Pagesto assist and support children’s early cognitive development, teachers apply the ideas of educational theorists such as Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky in teaching. Review of Literature Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two of the most influential theorists of cognitive development. The ‘Stage-based theory of cognitive development’ from Jean Piaget explores the sequential development of thinking process through a series of stages include sensorimotor stage for births to ageRead MoreThe Theories Of Piaget And Vygotsky On Childhood Development1703 Words   |  7 Pagesworks of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky have become prominent in an understanding of developmental cognition in childhood (Duchesne, McMaugh, Bochner Karuse, 2013, p. 56). Their theories are complimentary and provide a more rigorous comprehension of childhood development (Shayer, M., 2003, p. 465). Their varying principles are applicable to many situations concerning the development of children. The focuses of Piaget and Vygotsky on the ways of childhood development differ. Piaget was focused on

Public Relations Contigenct Th Essay Example For Students

Public Relations Contigenct Th Essay Contingency Theory of Accommodation and Advocacy Contingency theory of accommodation/advocacy is a more realistic depiction of public relation strategies or models based on a continuum. The contingency theory represents the organizations possible stance on a wider range of publics than an individual one fostering rigid and exclusive categorization mostly found in a limited set communication models. Basically what the theory is getting at is opening the spectrum of the public to come to a more rounded synopsis of the issue or product. Amanda Cancel, Michael Mitrook, and Glen Cameron conceptualized the theory to offer a better understanding how the public relations field manages conflict and reaches out to the public in external communication. A study was done by 18 practitioners to see if the contingency theory made any sense to them. The theory itself offers 86 possible factors in the continuum at any given time to any given public. This allows the continuum offered to depict how an organizations stance toward one given public and not the outcome of the interaction with that public. The theory focuses then on what decisions led the organization to their stance in concern with greater or lesser accommodation to that public. One of the many factors suggests that more accommodation or more advocacy will be effective in gaining departmental and organizational objectives in the short and long term. The contingency theory further goes on to say that an accommodative stance, questionably a part of a two-way symmetrical communication may not be completely ethical, in fact it could be contrary and unethical to morally repugnant publics, for those who hold some positions to be morally absolute. A position of a moral magnitude holds more so than that of any belief in the dialogic process. This also bring into view ethical charges of paternalism and the convictions of an organization that advocacy is morally superior to two#8211;way symmetrical communication. Communication processes such as dialogue, compromise, collaboration and cooperation denote agreement, but engaging in these degrees are not always on the highest moral position. In certain cases taking a moral stance means putting the ethical principle above two-way symmetrical communication. The contingency theory attempts to structure a better understanding to dynamics of accommodation and advocacy while institute the ethical aspects of accommodation to the efficacy in public relations. This is one sample method that was used in the study of contingency. The sample test consisted of eighteen different public relation managers, ranging from middle to upper class. There are varieties of large corporations and of the practitioners represents one from around the country. The practitioners selected all represent corporations that are equally or more exposed than other organizations to positive and negative contact with the general public. This is the first reason for their selection and the second reason is related to their overall knowledge of their corporations history and associated culture, in comparison to a part-time practitioners knowledge. The research was done in three logical divisions. The first section asked the interviewee about the valid continuum between advocacy and accommodation. The second section analytically covers possible variables that could affect the corporations stances along the continuum and conveys associated models in conflict management. The third section summarizes the study into three groups: strongly supported variables, unsupported variables and new variables. Strengths for this study are insurmountable where in the entire variable range has such a broad spectrum that all aspects are covered. The variables of the business exposure and corporate culture are the two most allied aspects to the validity of the study itself. This offers the interviewer to collectively find out what is to be done and how it to be done in public relations to further a better advocacy of knowledge to public. .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 , .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .postImageUrl , .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 , .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29:hover , .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29:visited , .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29:active { border:0!important; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29:active , .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29 .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue69916a99a5125d3fba8cce312697c29:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Catcher in the rye 5 Essay The weaknesses that are also relative to the variables and the amount of time it takes to expend all the collected information of the interviewees. The study seems too extensive to possess any beneficial quality for the interviewer and interviewee and the information collected will not serve any purpose to the interviewee because they already are aware of what they know. An example of contingency of accommodation was where a Florida newspaper wanted to see how the public receiving their circulation felt towards it and what should be implemented in changing any problems the public saw as a hindrance. The contingency theory is, by any means, a good way of practicing public relations. One good test would be to see how accommodating one public stance and the corporation. For example, there is a property management company that owns a larger portion of the buildings in the city. A Planned Parenthood clinic wants to renew its lease but the company faces their other buildings being boycotted by anti-abortion groups. The property company hires you to try to advocate and accommodate the issues that are of major concern of this group. Is it possible to find a balance? What type of answers does the boycott want to here and what are possible changes for this altercation? The contingency theory possesses many positive attributes on focus toward accommodation of the publics expressed feelings. The key asset of the construction is the emphasis of mutual communication and prescriptive input towards the public. In that, keeping a wide range of possibility and precedent for organization of apparent issues. The major weakness is extreme accommodation towards one public in turn causing total disregard of issues and disproportionate conflict to another. The motive is then fixed to two-way symmetrical communication and improved stance of the model.

Streetcar Named Desire Essay Example

Streetcar Named Desire Essay Within the play Streetcar Named Desire written by Tennessee Williams, the lives and relationship of Blanche DuBois and Stella Kowalski are plotted out in a scene of events that depicts astute betrayal and out of the ordinary family matters. Based on the time period of this play, that being of the Old South conservative dominated region of New Orleans with local and national aristocracy still in heavy play, the traditions play out in a way that involve a simple family dispute turning in to Blanche being carried out by the psychiatric ward. Blanche’s forthcomings predicted by her misfortune are carried along to the Kowalski family. These misfortunes are stifled as much as possible and are avoided at the cost of the integrity of Blanche herself. Blanche’s stay is short lived with all of the drama that happened while new characters are introduced such as Shep Huntleigh, the millionaire, and Mitch, the sneaky best friend of Stanely Kowalski’s. In terms of prescriptive criticism, I would personally augment the plot in a direction that would take a more in-depth dramatization of the deterioration of Blanche’s and Stella’s family relationship. The intricate characters that create this classic play are all blend together as one big happy distorted family. Blanche’s character is definitely that of a round character that shows characteristics of somebody that has some mental issues that root from the suicide of her recent husband, which led to her promiscuous behavior at her previous town. Stella, on the other hand, has her situation more in control than Blanche does. The family household that Stella and her husband, Stanely, were happily running, before Blanche calmly forced herself in to, lived up to the standards of the typical American home in New Orleans. Aside from Stella’s beginning characteristics of being the big sister that knows better, she deviates from traditions and becomes promiscuous with the new character, Mitch, which is introduced at the time of Stanely’s favorite past time: a poker game. Mitch twists the plot around to where Blanche’s misfortune is being radiated to the, what used to be, happy family. Mitch’s character is that of a persistent lovebird that attaches himself to the demise of Blanche. We will write a custom essay sample on Streetcar Named Desire specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Streetcar Named Desire specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Streetcar Named Desire specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Stanely’s role is generally expressed when he blows up during one of his poker games when he observes the chemistry that is going on between Blanche and Mitch in the bedroom. The characters Williams designed were effective, although a few changes could prove to be positive. Mitch’s personality could have been more persuasive and impeding on the Kowalski household. Aside from Mitch, if the character that constructed Blanche spanned out to where nobody knew about her past until the end, it would of built up a feeling of suspense and confusion about where her mental issues came from. The main theme that shows to be prevalent throughout this play involves accepting the facts of reality. Blanche’s life unravels after the turn of events involving her husband and other misfortunes. Her denial of her own shortcomings and weak points such as alcohol, sexual promiscuity, as well as her inflated ego, all equate to why she ends up in the situation that concludes the play. This specific theme for the play shows through in every character, not just simply that of Blanche. Stanely’s denial is shown throughout his macho appearance, supplemented by his reprimanding personality. His inability to see these specific characteristics within himself is labeled as his detachment from reality. Moving along with the theme of distorted reality accompanied by personal denial, Stella has also got a growing problem. Stella follows more of a degenerated path. Her beginning observations about the setting that she lives in involve more complacent and comfortable diction. She understands the fact that her shabby apartment does not label her as that of a poor slum girl that is just squeaking by on meager revenue. Although, as the play progresses, Stella begins to accept the feelings of denial that are dormant throughout all of the drama. She refuses to believe the actions of Stanely and Blanche nearing the end as well as the rugged path that Blanche supposedly states to have lived. The theme works perfect for the characters that Williams designed. Based on prescriptive criticism, I would have to create the same theme based on the fact that the pieces fall perfect and the plot lays the steppingstones to this specific theme. The diction that is utilized by Tennessee Williams fits right in with the time place that is being specifically depicted. William’s takes advantage of the wit that has been encapsulated within the relationship of Blanche and Stella. Their wit shows copious amounts of sarcasm, tradition, and typical back talk. The specific diction that Williams uses acts as the main shaping tool for the characters that tend to be a bit difficult to understand. This Old South diction has to do with reactions to certain events that would be treated differently back in those days, such as playing poker with women in the house. The literature is fairly straight forward in terms of being fancy or not, it delivers the effective message and sets the mood of a great big family dispute. If the diction was in my control, there could have possibly been more of a modern twist on the specific words. The issue of the sarcasm and wit being too bland or lacking substance, is easily fixed by replacing them with more relative terms and sentences. Throughout the play, the mood was primarily set through the verbal diction and character roles that I just could not wait to find out where they would end up. To act as a very efficient compliment to the play as a whole, the music selection found a comfortable median between soothing jazz and old time mysterious musical scores. The reasoning behind this choice of music would have to be based solely on the time period that Williams put his pen to the paper. The choice of jazz encases the growth as well as degeneration of integrity throughout the characters and their actions. There really is no substitute for the music choice of the play since it really does match the mood in every aspect. The mysterious music score is necessary because there has to be some type of suspense that involves figuring out the character’s personalities and actions as a whole. Aside from all other aspects of the play that have been discussed, the visual elements were some of the most important that separate it from failure to success. The characters were displayed by the setting that was designed with material and objects that would belong back when the Old South was prevalent. This includes material that would be considered luxuries back in New Orleans dominated by right-wing slums. The cleanliness was outlined with the conservative notion and it also went along with the somewhat traditional lifestyle that the Kowalski family attempted to live. The loud colors that were worn by the men throughout the play show that of a domineering character and play hand in hand with an alpha figure. The dark and solemn colors worn by the Stella represented her calm nature that progressed throughout the play as the events span out in order. This could also be related to the role that women played back in the reality of this day and age. Blanche on the other hand, comes from a totally different lifestyle which includes that of extravagant colors. The difference between Blanche’s style and Stella’s lack of flamboyance is used as a crucial blueprint as to where they each derive from in actuality. If the visual aspects were under my control, I would have given the women a bit more of an intricate theme of clothes. The role within the play of Stella and Blanche served as way too integral to have them wearing bland and clothes lacking the amount of diversity that was shown throughout the diction that Williams expressed.