William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet - 841 Words

Once in our lifetimes we all go through a tragedy, but who is responsible? In Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, several characters are responsible for the deaths in the play. The characters; the Capulets, Friar Laurence, and Tybalt are the ones most responsible. The Capulets are one of the responsible ones for the death of Romeo and Juliet because they weren’t supportive, they were uncaring, and impatient. When Juliet told her parents that she did not want to marry Paris, the Capulets wanted to disown her. â€Å"Hang thee, young baggage! Hang thee, young baggage! Disobedient wretch! I tell thee what: get thee to church o Thursday, Or never after look me in the face. Speak not. Reply not. Do not answer me. My fingers itch.—Wife, we scarce thought us blest. That God had lent us but this only child, But now I see this one is one too much And that we have a curse in having her. Out on her, hilding!† (3:5:170). Capulet was being unsupportive of his own daughters decision. If he did not force her to marry Paris, then Juliet would not have to come up with a way to get out of the marriage. Lady Capulet does not support her own daughter either. â€Å"Talk not to me, for I’ll not speak a word. Do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee.† (3.5.215) Lady Capulet stopped caring about what her daughter wanted. If she had listened to Juliet, hen Juliet would have not planned a way out of the wedding. Lady Capulet did not take Juliets feeling into consideration and forced her to finding aShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1287 Words   |  6 PagesLizzy Baginski English Composition 2 Mr. Spera March 10, 2015 Romeo and Juliet Research Paper The movie Romeo and Juliet is a modern classic film that took place in 1996. Overall this is a timeless story that everyone should go and watch. This movie has an intriguing plot line that tells the story of two feuding families, The Montagues and The Capulets, and how the children of these two different families fall in love. The two children overcome various obstacles such as hiding their chemistry fromRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet 966 Words   |  4 Pages Beauty Over Gold â€Å"Beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold.--William Shakespeare, 1623. In his book As You Like It, William Shakespeare pointed out the supremacy of love rather than the want of gold and wealth. Truly, beauty is more important to thieves than wealth. Many of the thieves in this world would rather have an elegant woman than to obtain precious rubies. After all, what good is a prosperous man if he doesn’t have a charming woman? Two famous men grab my attention who didn’t fear forRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesRomeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare s most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers. Romeo and Juliet belongs to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. The plot is based on an ItalianRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1124 Words   |  5 PagesThe play Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare s most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers. Romeo and Juliet belongs to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. Its plot is based onRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet861 Words   |  4 Pagesgreatly shown in the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. It was love at first sight with Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet. Meeting at a party and falling in love to get married without even spending quality time with each other. Romeo and Juliet couldn t tell there parents because the Capulets and Montagues are long term rivals. Both Romeo and Juliet had to find different ways and excuses to make this marriage work. A big problem was developed. Romeo kills Juliet s cousin and is banishedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1770 Words   |  8 Pagesof Romeo and Juliet. The story of two destined lovers who were killed by their own doing. But what if they weren t two destined lovers who got unlucky, but doomed partners that were never going to have a good-life to begin with.William Sha kespeare gives us a view of early signs of gang conflict in the early age of Verona, Italy. He gives us a perspective of the norms and customs of Italy during the Setting of William Shakespeare s most famous story. Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare, givesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1616 Words   |  7 Pageslove can also cause some of life s most controversial battles. These battles could stem from lack of patience, disagreement of moral values, and in some cases, an absence of attraction overall. In Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, the issues that drive Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet s to each of their dreadful misfortunes are inevitable. When it comes to many of Shakespeare s plays, Aristotle s theory is used to describe them as tragedies. Romeo and Juliet is known by many as a tragedyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1264 Words   |  6 Pagestheater-going public the most important dramatist in English literature, Shakespeare oc cupies a well-known position in the world of talented authors. His canon contains thirty-seven plays, written in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Additionally, throughout the years, they continue to sustain critical attention, with the majority of his works circling tragedies, one being Romeo and Juliet. William Shakespeare s Romeo and Juliet speaks to the timeless appeal of star-crossed lovers. Their loveRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet924 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy that follows the so-called love of two teenagers. The two fall in love at a masked ball and have a secret marriage. Throughout the play, their actions show how ridiculous love is, and how it is a danger to anyone who become twisted in its choking grasp. However, in the death of the youth and survival of the elders, an alternative explanation for the tragic events may be found. Although Shakespeare seems to be mocking love throughout the play, itRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1279 Words   |  6 Pagesour lives. The great, classic writers teach timeless, valuable life skills. Shakespeare was the greatest writer of all time. His writings mainly consisted of dramas and sonnets. Romeo and Juliet, as well as, A MIdsummer Night’s Dream were written about the same time period. He was able to inter relate everything that wrote. For example, the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe could possibly be an advertisement for Romeo and Juliet. The basic structure of the two dramas is the same; two forbidden lovers meet

Importance of financial reporting to share purchasing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1796 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Nowadays, most of the people have invested in the capital market. For example, stock, bond, options, foreign currencies, etc. They all want to gain the profit what they want. Everyone is different. However, how can they predict the share price for purchasing or sale decision? Are there any influences of financial information to them for making decision? Before answering these questions, lets discuss what market efficiency is first. The term of capital market efficiency is used to describe the way in which the market absorbs information. An efficient capital market is that the information relating to a company is processed quickly and accurately and reflected in the share price. So, the shares will be fairly priced. Some new information such as profit warning, dividend announcements, new contracts have been signed, which alters the expectations of investors about the future prospects of the company, we should expect an instantaneous and unbiased reaction from the market in the form of a revised share price. (Dr Peter Atrill, ACCA, What every financial manager needs to know about market efficiency, 24 Feb 2002) There are three type of efficiency: Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Importance of financial reporting to share purchasing" essay for you Create order Operational efficiency, this refers to cost, speed and reliability of transactions in securities on the exchange. We can achieve by creating as much competition between market makers and brokers as possible so that they earn not very high profit. Allocational efficiency, stock markets help in the process of allocating societys resources between competing real investments. For example, a large amount of funds is provided for the growth industries but small for slow-growth industries. Pricing efficiency, in a pricing efficient market the investor can expect to earn merely a risk-adjusted return from an investment as prices move instantaneously and in an unbiased manner to any news. Efficient market hypothesis (EMH) applies to this form of efficiency only. (Glen Arnold, Corporate Financial Management, 3rd ed., Financial Times) EMH (Fama 1964) is a theory that can predict the future prices of securities. It is assumed that the price of a security reflects all of the information available and everyone has some degree of access to the information. Famas theory breaks EMH into three forms. They are weak, semi-strong and strong. Weak form: All information contained in past price movements are fully reflected in share price. It is pointless basing trading rules on share price history as the future cannot be predicted in this way. Semi-strong form: Share prices fully reflect all the relevant publicly available information. Because of the market has already absorbed the information. So, there is no advantage in analyzing after is has been released. Strong form: All relevant information, including private information, is reflected in the share price. Even insiders are unable to make abnormal profits. (Glen Arnold, Corporate Financial Management, 3rd ed., Financial Times) However, EMH has been criticized by many authors and philosophers. EMH assumes that the investors have similar expectations, but if all of them had the same expectations, it would not be possible for security markets and security trading to emerge. Assuming all participants gave equal access to information is quite controversial. EMH gives the impression that security markets have no connection with real life, but the investments made in the market are used in the operations of companies in the real world. Behavioral Finance (BF) is a concept that has become widely popular in recent years. It focuses on how investors interpret their knowledge then makes decisions based on information and how they act with their investment decisions. It has developed as a result of increasing interest of psychologists in economics. (Murat Kiyiar, Okan Acar. Annales Universitatis Apulensis: Series Oeconomica. Behavioural finance and the study of the irrational financial choice of credit card isers, Alb a lulia: 2009. Vol.11) Emotion, one of the most important factors, affects the investors decisions. BF approach investigates the influence of emotions on investment decisions. In converse to the EMH, BF is based on the investor behavior in the market. And also, BF states that markets are not effective, overreaction or lack of reaction has been shown the proof to us. Technical analysis: For those shortsighted investors, they may use this analysis to make the profit in a short time. Evaluate securities by studying the statistics generated by market activity on those securities. Using charts of stock performance, identify past patterns and trends and then to determine the future stock price. (William Ainson, Financial Planning, New York: Mar 2011. Vol. 41, Iss.3) Fundamental analysis: In my viewpoint, I think this analysis is only suitable on longsighted investors, not for the day traders. It is because research is required to determine the securitys intrinsic value. Investors rely on the companys annual report, competitive environment facing by the company, or any current news relating to the companys operations, to analyze its future growth, business prospect, financial strength and management skills, in order to determine whether the share price is overvalued or undervalued. Investors normally will focus on the following ratios by using the income statement and balance sheet which are inside the annual report. Such ratios are earning per shares, P/E ratio, Return on Equity, etc. Both technicians and fundamentalists have developed certain techniques to predict prices from financial information. Such financial information includes the company financial statements, company announcements. Let me show you some example that companys announcement affect its share price. The first example is Asia Energy Logistics Group Limited, which is listed in HK, stock code is 351. The company followed the HK Listing Rule 13.09 (1) issue an Announcement. This was a profit warning Announcement because the company expected to record a substantial loss for the year ended 31 December 2010 compared with last year. The company wanted to inform shareholders and potential investors should exercise caution when dealing the shares or other securities. The Announcement was announced on 25 March 2011 at 8 p.m. Due to this Announcement is the bad news to the company. So, we may expect that this information will reflect on 28 March 2011 trading hours. The truth was that the closing price of the company on 25 March is $0.171. The company recorded a maximum 18.1% decrease at 28 March. And the closing price is $0.150. A decrease of 12.3% compared with the last closed price. Another example is Li Fung Limited, one of the constituent of Hang Seng Index, stock code is 494. The company issued its final result of 2010 on 24 March 2011 after the trading hours. The sales were increase 19% to HK$124 billion and the profit attributable to shareholders was increased 27% to HK$4,278 million. However, on the next day, the share price of the company decreased from $42.95 to 39.05. On 28 March, the closing price fell to $37.55. You may ask the performance is better than the last year, why the share price would fall? It is because the company cant meet the targets which were set in the annual report of 2007. Referring to the report, the targets were that the sales of 2010 were expected to US$200 billion and the net profit of core business was US$1 billion. Explained by that company the reasons are that due to the unexpected onset of the global financial crisis and economic downturn of 2008 and 2009 resulted in soft consumer markets in the US and Europe that compromis ed the companys ability to achieve these targets. So, although the performance of the company is better than the last year, the share price was also fall because of the company can not meet the target. By looking at these two cases, we can proof that financial information issued by the company will affect the performance of the share price. And also this information can predict the share price. In order to derive a summary measure to predict the direction of future earnings changes of companies, Ou and Penman (1989) performed an extensive analysis. They assigned the companies to long and short positions on the basis of calculated summary measure and the profitability of investing in a hedged portfolio was examined. Their version of fundamental analysis involved the reduction of a large array of financial statement information into a scalar measure called Pr. The main aim of the study was to asses whether the Pv measure captured information that was not reflected in prices. The descriptors should have the ability to forecast stock returns if the prices did not reflect the information about future earnings and later gravitated towards fundamentals. (Ou, J.A. and Penamn, S.H. (1989b), Financial statement analysis and the prediction of stock returns, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 11) Holthausen and Larcker (1992) predicted stock returns from accounting data. They also analyzed specifications for measuring excess returns such as market adjusted returns, computed using CAPM and size adjusted returns in order to investigate whether their fundings were influenced by the method of excess return calculation. (Holthaisen, R. W. and Larcher, D.F. (1992), The prediction of stock returns using financial stetment information, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 15) Therefore, investors could use both current and historical earnings data to predict the share price response to future earnings announcements. As Mr. Right agree the EMH and said the information contained in the annual reports is already included in share prices before the information is published. The report cant help us for making share purchasing or sale decisions. However, I dont agree with his opinion because I think EMH is a perfect theory. In the stock market, the information is not perfect efficient, insider dealing must be contained in the market. Some people may know the companys news before they issue to the public. And all some analysis needs cost to analyze. So, not every people can obtain these kinds of information. So, the share price can not reflect the company value accurately. Investors are irrational, if something happens that will make them afraid, they will follow the other peoples action. For example, people were afraid that the radiation would be released from Japan. They heard that salt can prevent radiation. So, everyone go to buy salt. The price becomes increase from $2 per bag to $10. It is not a reasonable price. However, they also buy it quickly. It can also apply to the stock market. Subject to this case, we can see that people are irrational. So, I suggest that investors should use financial information to evaluate their decisions. (1,607 words) REFERENCE: Dr Peter Atrill, ACCA, What every financial manager needs to know about market efficiency, 24 Feb 2002 Glen Arnold, Corporate Financial Management, 3rd ed., Financial Times Murat Kiyiar, Okan Acar. Annales Universitatis Apulensis: Series Oeconomica. Behavioural finance and the study of the irrational financial choice of credit card isers, Alba lulia: 2009. Vol.11 William Ainson, Financial Planning, New York: Mar 2011. Vol. 41, Iss.3 Ou, J.A. and Penamn, S.H. (1989b), Financial statement analysis and the prediction of stock returns, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 11 Holthaisen, R. W. and Larcher, D.F. (1992), The prediction of stock returns using financial stetment information, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 15

Death Penalty the Christian View Essay - 2479 Words

In almost every society, there are crimes and violations of human rights. To deal with these things, there are laws that prescribe the prevention of their occurrences. However, if the law is broken, commensurate punishment is put on the violator. Depending on the seriousness of the crime, the punishment may be light such as imprisonment for up to one year with corresponding fines, or it could also be severe as death penalty. Capital punishment or death penalty is usually imposed on persons who committed heinous crimes and are those that endanger the safety of the society. Some countries and societies implement capital punishment while others do not. There are various reasons for this policy of countries, including the social view on the†¦show more content†¦This resolution was made in recognition of the human rights of accused criminals and the possibility of redemption and change. Various religions also have varied responses to capital punishment. Even a particular denomination or religious group may not have a unified stand regarding capital punishment. Religious sentiments do play a significant part in the views of people regarding capital punishment. The Bible is replete with various passages that may seem to support or condemn capital punishment. The Old Testament, particularly, is based upon a morality of â€Å"teeth against teeth† and â€Å"life for life.† The books of laws of the Old Testament actually prescribe stoning to death the persons who commit serious crimes against God and against the community. A number of biblical scholars have considered the part of the Ten Commandments that say â€Å"You shall not kill† as a prohibition against individual cases of murder (The Ryrie Study Bible, Exodus 20:13). In the first place, the Christian faith believes that humans are created in the image of God. As such, a serious crime against another person is also a crime against God. In the Old Testament, premeditated murder was sufficient reason for the death penalty (Numbers 35:31, 33). Moreover, in Genesis 9:6, it can be read that â€Å"whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed†. St. Thomas Aquinas also published his thoughts regarding capitalShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Should Be Reintroduced Into The Australian Legal System1350 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract (200 words) The purpose of the investigation is to see if the death penalty should be reintroduced into the Australian legal system. The research process We look at some of these issues from both a world and local perspective. One of the limitations that this topic has is that most of the information gathered is from the US like cost and deterrence. Since the US has a high levels of people in prison it would be hard for estimate on if Australia would be the same since we are both differentRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Practiced1627 Words   |  7 PagesCapital Punishment, also commonly known as the death penalty, is a very controversial topic thorough out the United States. Many arguments can be made for both sides of the argument, which has left the country spilt on whether or not it is an acceptable practice. Capital Punishment, the legal execution by the government of a person convicted of a series crime, is legal in 35 of the 50 states. There are many arguments among Christians on whether or not it is moral and/or biblically acceptable. ThisRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Necessary899 Words   |  4 Pagesdeterrence. As of today, there are thirty-two states which offer the only just punishme nt for a crime without parallel and eighteen states having abolished the death penalty. The use of the death penalty has brought peace of mind to our citizens. Though through the mid nineteen sixties until the early nineteen eighties only about six death penalties actually took effect. When the number of executions dropped, the murder rate rose from 5.6 per 100,000 people to 10.2 which is almost double the murder rateRead MoreNever-ending Battle Over the Death Penalty Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is a topic that has been around for years that deals with ethics, a set of moral principles or values. This issue has been constantly filled with people’s emotions, attitudes, and their beliefs from all walks of life. There are people in favor of the death penalty while others will argue against it. No matter how the world changes there will never be a final argument or resolution to the understanding, acknowledgement, or ending to the rights or wrongs of the death penalty. Read More Capital Punishment Essay - Christians and the Death Penalty1114 Words   |  5 Pages Christians and the Death Penalty nbsp; Almost all societies have dispensed with the principle of an eye for an eye, and considered it a step toward more enlightened civilization. Christians who cite an eye for an eye in their defense of the death penalty are usually unaware of the strict criteria that God imposed before it could be used to take human life. The Old Testament also allowed the death penalty for crimes that today we consider less than misdemeanors -- clearly, the Old TestamentRead MoreCosts Of The Death Penalty1237 Words   |  5 PagesCosts of the Death Penalty. Death Penalty Information Center. Death Penalty Information Center, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2016. This article evaluates studies done in states all over the U.S to show much money is spent on capital punishment. For each state, the author provides a small summary, including statistics, and then provides the link to the original article where the information derived from. Thus, giving this article authority, by citing all sources, and also accuracy beca use of the studiedRead More The Need for Capital Punishment in America Essay1151 Words   |  5 Pagesas murder is punishable by death. Americans should take a position for anyone on death row, to be executed sooner rather than later. The moral reality in an argument for capital punishment is that they know the difference between the death penalty and what happens when it is actually put into place from the court of law. In the United States there are more people sitting in prison on death row than actually being executed at time of sentence. When the death penalty is not carried out, then familiesRead MoreDylan Pidich. Boston College Philosophy. . Does The Retributive1408 Words   |  6 Pagesspokesman for the Christian viewpoint. Christianity has as its core a belief in retribution. Sinners are punished – they go to hell. Can there be any crimes or sins that can not be forgiven by God after say a few million years in hell? According to Christianity, that answer is no. Hell is a punishment lasting forever in the Christian religion. How could C. S. Lewis support any other position but retribution? Too Bad. The Death Penalty is not a deterrent. â€Å"For centuries the death penalty, often accompaniedRead MoreThe Consequences Of The Death Penalty Essay1573 Words   |  7 Pagesthey do consider the risks, they are typically not focused upon the long-term consequences, such as death, but rather the immediate arrest and imprisonment. In fact, according to Kovandzic et al. (2009), the long-term risks never enter the forefront of the criminal’s mind during the decision-making process. By narrowing their focus upon the gains rather than the costs, they are able to minimize (or even eliminate) their fear of arrest and punishment, and even sometimes believing they wouldn’t getRead MoreEssay about Differing Christian Attitudes Toward Capital Punishment1547 Words   |  7 PagesDiffering Christian Attitudes Toward Capital Punishment This assignment is to discuss the different views of Christians on Capital Punishment. I will explore both sets of view, whether they are for or against it. I will say which bible verses may have swayed their opinions of capital punishment, and what they think God has to say about the whole issue. I have opinions from Christians today, who I have asked their opinions on the matter. I will also include churchs

Article Reviews Brief of Collinson D.L and Millers - D . and Shamsie - J.

Question: As part of the portfolio/learning journal, we require you to write 500 word (minimum) reviews of two academic papers over the course of the module. The review of Collinson D.L (1988) article should focus primarily on the content of the article, though you should also address issues of process and context in your review. The review of the Millers,D . and Shamsie, J. (1996) article should focus primarily on the process/methods of the research reported in the article, though you should also address issues of content and context in your review.The two papers are:Collinson, D.L. (1988). 'Engineering humour': Masculinity, joking and conflict in shop-floor relations. Organisation Studies. 9, pp. 181-199.Miller, D. and Shamsie, J. (1996). The resource-based view of the firm in two environments: The Hollywood film studios from 1936 to 1965. Academy of Management Journal. 39, pp. 519-543.These are available via the library website (search for them using the author(s) and title). Download the e lectronic version in .pdf format (this helps if you have to quote the article and/or give a page number).You should ensure that you keep a copy of your reviews safely to include in your portfolio/learning journal. If you do not provide the reviews in the portfolio, we will count this as a section missing and the maximum mark you can get for your portfolio will be 15%. If you only provide one review, this will count as a sub-section missing and the maximum mark will be 35%.Frequently Asked Questions No. 1: The Article Reviews What is the article review? What should it contain, and how should it be structured? Does it need references? Does it matter if it repeats material from the tutorial notes? Answer: Article 1 Content The main aim of the article, The resource- based vied of the firm in two environments: The Hollywood Film Studios from 1936 to 1936 by Danny Miller, has focused upon operationally defining and testing the view based on resource for the organization in studying the major film studios of United States from the year 1936 to the year 1965. This article contributed in concluding that resources based on property as exclusive contracts on long term basis with theatres and stars had helped bringing stability in financial performance, specifically between the years 1936 to the year 1950. As a contradicting point, resources based on knowledge as coordinative and production budgets and talent contributed in boosting the performance of finance in environment of post- television filled with uncertainty, changes and unpredictability (Miller, 1996). This environment remained between the years of 1951 to the year 1965. With an interest to test and advance how the view based on resource can be applied, this particular research has contributed in developing the difference between resources based on knowledge and resources based on property. The author has argued that resources based on property contributes in bringing stability in predictable settings and performance (Miller, 1996). On the other hand, it has been stated that resources based on knowledge can be used greatly in case of uncertain situations where there is unpredictable and changing environment. However, in this particular article, an attempt is made in moving towards a theory based on resource from description to predictions that can be tested from just a view based on resource (Miller, 1996). A view is referred to as a product related to evocative description, but on the other hand, theory holds the demand to formulate propositions that are falsifiable. In addition to this, this article has discussed and focused on different types of resources based on different types of knowledge. Context One such article, focusing on the concept of resource- based view, Danny Miller made a major contribution by presenting a different rather related article named, An asymmetry-based view of advantage: Towards an attainable sustainability (2003) that had been published in the Journal of Strategic Management, 24. This had also made a major contribution in critiquing and evaluating the resource based view that resulted in having a better understanding. However, the citation of this article can be found in a number of different articles by other researchers. Process For conducting the research sampling has been done of seven major film studios from Hollywood based on the eras of history, between the years 1936 to the year 1965. The studies that have been chosen include Columbia, Universal, United Artists, Paramount, Warner Brothers, Twentieth Century- Fox and MGM. The study focused on encompassing two different periods, one that was of challenging uncertainty that occurred between the years of 1951 to 1965, and the other period was of stability that was between the years of 1936 to the year 1950 (Miller, 1996). Data related to profits and revenues for all studios had been gathered from the industrial manual by Moody along with the financial reports of the company. Article 2 Content The main aim of the article, Engineering Humour: Masculinity, Joking and Conflict in Shop-floor Relations by David L. Collinson, has focused upon the organizational significance related to shop- floor humour along with specifically the relationship between resistance towards working class and identity of gender. The review on literature has briefly focused upon organizational humour that further examined in detail the illuminating analysis by Willis over counter- culture in shop floor or school. Even though this particular research focuses on providing a strong base for the case that has been discussed in the article, criticism is faced with respect to the tendency for romanticizing the culture of working class along with the informal opposition and humour. According to the author, there is availability of extensive empirical evidence that highlights the pervasive feature related to joking relations in the businesses (Collinson, 1988). The presence of horseplay and humour has been included in records with respect to hospitals, sites of building, coalmines, departmental stores, on a number of shop- floors at the industry and schools. This paper has provided an extensively detailed literature by examination of the interrelationship present with respect to masculinity and humour within the relations with the society related to work force on the shop floor consisting all males (Collinson, 1988). This article has not only contributed in highlighting the elements of collectiveness with respect to the joking culture, but also for exploring the divisions and contradictions that also contributed in characterizing the relations at the shop floor. Based on this research, it has been found that jokes resulted in maintaining an extremely conscious sense related to ideological support and sense of difference present in the world of ones (Collinson, 1988). For conducting this research, the factory of lorry production has been con sidered in order to have a better understanding related to the subject of this research. Content There has been no such additional article presented by the author, Collinson related to this topic. However, as it is a unique and different research topic, it has been extremely helpful in being sighted on a number of articles presented by a number of researchers and has been helpful for the completion of a number of researches. The main focus of these researches in which this article had been cited were focused on the behaviour of workers and employees in the organization. Process Primary and secondary methods of research has been considered by the author for the presentation of this article. It is important to note that the author has considered a number of different instances that could work as an example in the setting of this type of a research (Collinson, 1988). By crucially seeking answers from the manifest search of workers for securing an extremely masculine sense related to the identity, this article held the ability of highlighting a negative side related to the culture of shop- floor in the organizational sector. This seems to be underpinning and ultimately undermining the collectiveness and creative humour present in the factory. References Collinson, D. (1988). 'Engineering Humour': Masculinity, Joking and Conflict in Shop-floor Relations. Organizational Studies, 9(2), pp. 181-199. Miller, D. (1996). The resource- based vied of the firm in two environments: The Hollywood Film Studios from 1936 to 1936. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), pp. 519-543.